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Rust has been noted for its growth as a newer language and has been the subject of academic programming languages research. Since the first stable release in May 2015, Rust has been adopted by companies including Amazon, Discord, Dropbox, Facebook ( Meta), Google ( Alphabet), and Microsoft. Mozilla officially sponsored the project in 2009. Software developer Graydon Hoare created Rust as a personal project while working at Mozilla Research in 2006. Rust is popular for systems programming but also offers high-level features including some functional programming constructs. To simultaneously enforce memory safety and prevent concurrent data races, Rust's "borrow checker" tracks the object lifetime of all references in a program during compilation. Rust enforces memory safety-that is, that all references point to valid memory-without requiring the use of a garbage collector or reference counting present in other memory-safe languages. Rust emphasizes performance, type safety, and concurrency. Rust is a multi-paradigm, high-level, general-purpose programming language. Idris, Spark, Swift, Project Verona, Zig Affine, inferred, nominal, static, strong
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